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Vikingen belicht de turbulente periode in de Europese geschiedenis van twee eeuwen confrontaties met de Vikingen, die in de Lage Landen werden afgesloten met aanvallen op Tiel en Utrecht in 1006/1009. Met een blik die reikt van Byzantium tot Groenland en van de Scandinavische voorgeschiedenis tot de slotakkoorden van de Vikingcultuur in de late middeleeuwen. De Lage Landen en naburig gebied vormen het centrum, met speciale aandacht voor het in elkaar grijpen van gebeurtenissen aan beide zijden van de Noordzee.00Ze kwamen als uit de lucht gevallen: een groep Vikingen die in 793 een bloedige aanval uitvoerde op de abdij van Lindisfarne aan de Engelse noordoostkust. "Nooit eerder is zulke wreedheid in Brittannië gezien", schreef Karel de Grotes hofgeleerde Alcuinus, zelf afkomstig uit deze streken. In 810 verscheen een Vikingvloot aan de Friese kust. Deze Deense aanval was een reactie op Karolingische expansie en de ouverture.0Bij de Vikingexpansie ging het tot ongeveer 840 vooral om roofexpedities, waarbij bezochte gebieden snel verlaten werden. Nadien veranderde de tactiek van korte raids in de vorming van complete legers met ruiterafdelingen, opererend vanuit versterkte kampen. Maar tot het einde toe bleven bliksemachtige landgangen vanaf de beruchte langschepen of drakars voorkomen: het Vikingwapen bij uitstek, uiting van absolute maritieme superioriteit.00De overheden stonden lange tijd machteloos. De Vikingen maakten handig gebruik van de desintegratie van het Karolingische rijk: als plunderaars, maar ook als elkaar bestrijdende bondgenoten van Frankische vorsten.0De moeizame natuurlijke omstandigheden riepen in het noorden de harde, martiale Vikingcultuur in het leven waarin het doorstaan van ontbering en strijd hoge waarden vormden. Waarden die overigens sterk leken op de oude normen in het nu gekerstende zuiden.
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This book discusses the 3rd-11th century developments that led to the formation of the three Scandinavian kingdoms in the Viking Age. Wide-ranging studies of communication routes, regional identities, judicial territories, and royal sites and graves trace a complex trajectory of rulership in these pagan Germanic societies. In the final section, new light is shed on the pinnacle and demise of the Norwegian kingdom in the 13th-14th centuries. This book seeks to revitalise the somewhat stagnant scholarly debate on Germanic rulership in the first millennium AD. A series of comprehensive chapters combines literary evidence on Scandinavia's polities, kings, and other rulers with archaeological, documentary, toponymical, and linguistic evidence. The picture that emerges is one of surprisingly stable rulership institutions, sites, and myths, while control of them was contested between individuals, dynasties, and polities. While in the early centuries, Scandinavia was integrated in Germanic Europe, profound societal and cultural changes in 6th-century Scandinavia and the Christianisation of Continental and English kingdoms set northern kingship on a different path. The pagan heroic warrior ethos, essential to kingship, was developed and refined; only to recur overseas embodied in 9th-10th-century Vikings. Three chapters on a hitherto unknown masonry royal manor at Avaldsnes in western Norway, excavated 2017, concludes this volume with discussions of the late-medieval peak of Norwegian kingship and it's eventual downfall in the late 14th century. This book's discussions and results are relevant to all scholars and students of 1st-millenium Germanic kingship, polities, and societies.
Ancient history: to c 500 CE --- Philosophy: aesthetics --- Vikings --- History. --- Scandinavia --- Avaldsnes (Norway) --- History --- Early kingship. --- Germanic societies. --- Iron and Viking Age Scandinavia. --- Northmen
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This book is the history of the Eastern Vikings, the Rus and the Varangians, from their earliest mentions in the narrative sources to the late medieval period, when the Eastern Vikings had become stock figures in Old Norse Romances. A comparison is made between sources emanating from different cultures, such as the Roman Empire, the Abbasid Caliphate and its successor states, the early kingdoms of the Rus and the high medieval Scandinavian kingdoms. A key element in the history of the Rus and the Varangians is the fashioning of identities and how different cultures define themselves in comparison and contrast with the other. This book offers a fresh and engaging view of these medieval sources, and a thorough reassessment of established historiographical grand narratives on Scandinavian peoples in the East. Sverrir Jakobsson is Professor of Medieval History at the University of Iceland.
Europe—History—476-1492. --- Civilization—History. --- Social history. --- History of Medieval Europe. --- Cultural History. --- Social History. --- Descriptive sociology --- Social conditions --- Social history --- History --- Sociology --- Varangians --- Northmen --- Vikings, East
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This study traces the history of urbanization in Denmark from c. 500-1350 and explores how interconnected political, religious, economic factors were instrumental in bringing about the growth of towns. Prior to urban development, certain specialized sites such as elite residences and coastal landing places performed many of the functions that would later be taken over by medieval towns. Fundamental changes in political power, the coming of Christianity, and economic development over the course of the Viking and Middle Ages led to the abandonment of these sites in favour of new urban settlements that would come to form the political, religious, and economic centres of the medieval kingdom. Bringing together both archaeological and historical sources, this study illustrates not only how certain cultural and economic shifts were crucial to the development of towns, but also the important role urbanization had in the transition from Viking to medieval Denmark.
Urbanization --- Cities and towns, Medieval --- Vikings --- Northmen --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban development --- Urban systems --- Cities and towns --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Urban policy --- Rural-urban migration --- Medieval cities and towns --- History. --- Medieval Denmark, Urbanization, Viking Towns, Emporia.
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Kopenhagen 1723. Der norwegische Amtmann Povel Juel soll Peter dem Großen angetragen haben, eine russische Kolonie auf Grönland zu errichten. Auf dem Weg dorthin wollte er Island, die Färöer und Norwegen erobern - mithin Erblande des dänischen Königs. Ein verwegener Hochverrat, der das Machtgefüge im Norden Europas durcheinandergewirbelt hätte, wäre der Plan nicht ans Licht gekommen. So aber ließ der König seinen Amtmann grausam hinrichten. Martin Schaad unterzieht die Prozessakten einer Revision und versucht damit Povel Juel zu rehabilitieren. Ein mikrohistorischer Streifzug durch die Geschichte des Strafrechts, der Wikinger, der Navigation, der Kartographie, des Klimas und des bargeldlosen Zahlungsverkehrs. »Die Forschungsleistung verdient hohe Anerkennung, die Interpretation nötigt Respekt ab, ohne dass man sie in der Essenz teilen muss.« Otto Ulbricht, H-Soz-u-Kult, 20.10.2020
Cartography. --- Climate. --- Copenhagen. --- Criminal Law. --- Cultural History. --- Denmark. --- Dänemark. --- Early Modern History. --- European History. --- Europäische Geschichte. --- Geschichte der Frühen Neuzeit. --- Geschichtstheorie. --- Geschichtswissenschaft. --- Greenland. --- Grönland. --- History. --- Hochverrat. --- Kartographie. --- Klima. --- Kopenhagen. --- Kulturgeschichte. --- Law. --- Navigation. --- Peter der Große. --- Peter the Great. --- Politics. --- Politik. --- Prozessakten. --- Recht. --- Russia. --- Russland. --- Strafrecht. --- Theory of History. --- Treasonous. --- Vikings. --- Wikinger. --- Zahlungsverkehr. --- HISTORY / Europe / General. --- Frühe Neuzeit; Dänemark; Grönland; Russland; Hochverrat; Peter der Große; Kopenhagen; Wikinger; Navigation; Kartographie; Klima; Zahlungsverkehr; Prozessakten; Strafrecht; Politik; Kulturgeschichte; Recht; Europäische Geschichte; Geschichte der Frühen Neuzeit; Geschichtstheorie; Geschichtswissenschaft; Early Modernity; Denmark; Greenland; Russia; Treasonous; Peter the Great; Copenhagen; Vikings; Cartography; Climate; Criminal Law; Politics; Cultural History; Law; European History; Early Modern History; Theory of History; History --- Juel, Povel, --- Juel, Povl, --- Juel, Poul, --- Juul, Povel,
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